This project targets low-income populations living in poor, urban slums, to improve the development and mental health of children and their mothers. The project will test a novel, intensive home visitation program, led by community health workers, targeting pregnant women, infants and children under two years of age. The program will attempt to integrate with the existing pregnancy and child health and nutrition program using a tailored socio-culturally appropriate communication package, and will focus on the biological underpinnings of positive environmental stimuli promoted by the intervention by repeatedly measuring neuro-physiological indicators of motor, neuro-cognitive, language and adaptive behaviours.