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	<title>Grand Challenges Canada</title>
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	<link>http://www.grandchallenges.ca</link>
	<description>Bold Ideas for Humanity</description>
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		<title>Does solving a Grand Challenge = Reaching a post-2015 development goal?</title>
		<link>http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/does-solving-a-grand-challenge-reaching-a-post-2015-development-goal/</link>
		<comments>http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/does-solving-a-grand-challenge-reaching-a-post-2015-development-goal/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 25 Jan 2013 14:52:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Peter A. Singer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Our CEO's Desk]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Grand Challenges are about solving problems, stimulating innovation and capturing the public's imagination... <a class="read-more" href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/does-solving-a-grand-challenge-reaching-a-post-2015-development-goal/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In our <a title="How can the world solve its biggest challenges?" href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/how-can-the-world-solve-its-biggest-challenges/" target="_blank">last blog post</a>, we showed how the <a title="The Grand Challenges Approach" href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/thegrandchallengesapproach.pdf" target="_blank">Grand Challenges Approach</a> can help the world to solve complex global problems. The Grand Challenges approach was introduced over 100 years ago by <a title="David Hilbert Wikipedia" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Hilbert" target="_blank">David Hilbert</a> to solve problems in mathematics. In 2003, Bill Gates applied it to global health and, in the past decade, the approach has matured, providing a platform for different groups from government, academe, civil society and the private sector to work together to solve common challenges. Grand Challenges are about solving problems, stimulating innovation and capturing the public&#8217;s imagination. Grand Challenges have been applied not only to health, but also to agriculture, energy, education, governance and other fields.</p>
<p>At this moment, the world is also focused on <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/2012/oct/24/un-panel-development-goals-ambitious-timetable">shaping the post-2015 development goals</a> to replace the <a href="http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/">Millennium Development Goals</a> that expire in 2015. These goals have a similar aim as Grand Challenges, focusing attention and resources to solve complex global problems. They also have a similar timeframe for solutions – 10–20 years. So it’s particularly timely to ask whether and how the Grand Challenges approach can contribute to reaching post-2015 goals.</p>
<p>We see two potential roles for the Grand Challenges approach. The first would be to think about <strong>reaching post-2015 goals as equivalent to solving Grand Challenges</strong>. The second potential role would be to think of the <strong>post-2015 development goals “powered by the Grand Challenges Approach”</strong>. The role of Grand Challenges would be to stimulate innovation in reaching the goals or to help reach part of the goal, like neonatal survival as part of the overall effort to improve the survival of children under the age of five.</p>
<p>By way of example, the <a href="http://www.savinglivesatbirth.net/">Saving Lives at Birth Initiative</a> brings together five funders from four countries (USAID, Grand Challenges Canada, the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, UK&#8217;s Department for International Development and Norwegian NORAD) and 39 innovators, so far, to stimulate innovation on maternal and neonatal deaths (which constitute about 40% of deaths of children under the age of five). At the same time, in 2012, Promise for Children brought together India, Ethiopia and USAID in cooperation with UNICEF to set a target to lower their national rates of child mortality to <a href="http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2013/01/16/283975/african-nations-renew-their-promise-to-reduce-child-mortality/?utm_source=January+18+Newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=December+14+Newsletter&amp;utm_medium=email">20 or fewer per 1,000 births by 2035</a>, a goal that has since been adopted by 160 countries around the world. This goal could be both a solution to this Grand Challenge and a post-2015 goal achieved.</p>
<p>In either of these roles, the Grand Challenges Approach can be thought of as the framework for action to achieve post-2015 development goals. It would enable funders and innovators to take a nimble and entrepreneurial approach to ‘how’ a development goal will be solved, while still keeping a clear focus on a common end point. Applying the Grand Challenges Approach in this way provides at least four important benefits.</p>
<p>First, the Grand Challenges Approach stimulates and accelerates innovation by bringing together communities of innovators, who learn from and collaborate with one another. Innovation is critical to solving complex global development challenges. For some challenges, there are existing solutions that simply need to be sustainably taken to scale, potentially through social and/or business innovation. For example, some of the key challenges in polio eradication are ensuring safe service delivery, stimulating demand for vaccines and raising sufficient funds. For many others, however, existing solutions and approaches have not proven to be successful and therefore new solutions are required. For example, by bringing together researchers and ethicists the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation’s Grand Challenges in Global Health helped to accelerate scientific progress to the point where <a href="http://www.sciencenews.org/view/feature/id/341843/description/Mosquitoes_Remade">field trials have been undertaken of mosquitoes that don’t transmit dengue or malaria</a>. Innovation provides the path to impact. In putting the focus on innovation, it is critical to take a very broad and inclusive view that encompasses social, business and scientific/technological innovation—what we call <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/integratedinnovation_EN.pdf">Integrated Innovation</a><sup>TM</sup>.</p>
<p>Second, as Princeton’s <a href="http://www.princeton.edu/~slaughtr/Commentary/13 Wired world in 2013 (dragged).pdf">Anne Marie Slaughter has argued</a>, the Grand Challenges Approach provides the platform for stakeholders to self-organize and mobilize resources (both financial and human) to move towards a common end point. We believe that, for the post-2015 era to be successful there will need to be engagement across and between a broad range of sectors including governments, not-for-profit organizations, the private sector, academe and others. An example of the potential for this approach to bridge sectors is the recently announced <a href="C:\Users\DB\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.Outlook\Y74RMFD6\makingallvoicescount.org\">Making Voices Count</a> challenge, which brings together UK aid, USAID and the Omidyar Network to create a $45M fund to support and enable citizen engagement and government responsiveness. It will be particularly important to engage emerging economies and private sector actors in support of the achievement of significant development goals.</p>
<p>Third, the Grand Challenges Approach can help to <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Aligning-Investments-EN.pdf">mobilize resources</a>. Especially in the current age of austerity in public budgets the world over, it has become increasingly apparent that the public sector alone does not have the necessary resources to solve the development challenges we face. The recent interest in <a href="http://socialfinance.ca/social-impact-bonds">social impact bonds</a> – translated into the development space as <a href="http://www.cgdev.org/section/about/cgd_europe/development_impact_bonds">development impact bonds</a> – is one example of a promising financial innovation. Although we learned in 2009 that financial innovation must be pursued with caution, imagine a world where an eradication bond (‘E-bond’) is issued for polio and raises significant private capital from socially-minded investors for the expensive final push for eradication, and those investors are paid back over time from governments sharing the savings that they realize after eradication is complete.</p>
<p>Fourth, the <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.org/about/Pages/GrandChallengesinGlobalHealth.aspx">clear articulation of significant global challenges</a> through the Grand Challenges Approach captures the public&#8217;s imagination and inspires action in a way that traditional development goals and objectives have failed to do. Mobilizing public support will be critical to sustain momentum over the perhaps two decades that will be necessary to achieve post-2015 goals. The Grand Challenges Approach can also attract new human capital or talent to the field of development, allowing for the application of new and ground-breaking ideas.</p>
<p>Almost a billion dollars have been invested in Grand Challenges over the past decade. It makes sense to leverage and build on this existing investment of both financial and human capital to jumpstart the achievement of the post-2015 goals. Going forward, as the <a href="http://www.un.org/sg/management/hlppost2015.shtml">High-level Panel of Eminent Persons</a>, launched this past July by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, continues its work to provide guidance and recommendations on the post-2015 development agenda, we would strongly recommend that they consider the Grand Challenges Approach as one of – or perhaps <em>the</em> key strategy – to enable solutions to the world’s critical and complex development challenges.</p>
<p>I would like to acknowledge and thank David Brook for his roll as a contributing author of this piece. I encourage you to post your questions and comments about this blog post on our Facebook page <a href="http://cts.vresp.com/c/?SandraRotmanCentre/49282be0d6/1dd51e1c41/16ab2e8e6f">Grand Challenges Canada</a> and on Twitter <a href="https://twitter.com/peterasinger" target="_blank">@PeterASinger</a> <a href="http://cts.vresp.com/c/?SandraRotmanCentre/49282be0d6/1dd51e1c41/bdddfbd54f">@gchallenges</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Résoudre un Grand Défi équivaut-il à atteindre un objectif de développement post-2015?</title>
		<link>http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/resoudre-un-grand-defi-equivaut-il-a-atteindre-un-objectif-de-developpement-post-2015/</link>
		<comments>http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/resoudre-un-grand-defi-equivaut-il-a-atteindre-un-objectif-de-developpement-post-2015/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 25 Jan 2013 14:51:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Peter A. Singer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[French Post]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre PDG bureau]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Dans notre dernier blogue, nous avons expliqué comment l’approche des Grands Défis peut aider le monde à résoudre des problèmes complexes. L’approche des Grands Défis a été créée il y a 100 ans par David Hilbert pour solutionner des problèmes <a class="read-more" href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/resoudre-un-grand-defi-equivaut-il-a-atteindre-un-objectif-de-developpement-post-2015/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dans notre <a title="Comment le monde peut-il résoudre ses plus grands défis?" href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/comment-le-monde-peut-il-resoudre-ses-plus-grands-defis/">dernier blogue</a>, nous avons expliqué comment <a title="L’approche des grands défis" href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/lapprochedesgrandsdefis.pdf" target="_blank">l’approche des Grands Défis</a> peut aider le monde à résoudre des problèmes complexes. L’approche des Grands Défis a été créée il y a 100 ans par <a href="file:///C:/Users/DB/AppData/Local/Microsoft/Windows/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.Outlook/Y74RMFD6/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Hilbert">David Hilbert</a> pour solutionner des problèmes de mathématique. En 2003, Bill Gates l’a appliqué au domaine de la santé mondiale et, durant dernière décennie, elle a évolué pour devenir une plate-forme servant à différents groupes au sein des gouvernements, des universités, de la société civile et du secteur privé collaborant pour surmonter des défis communs. L’approche des Grands Défis vise à résoudre des problèmes en stimulant l’innovation et en captant l’imagination populaire. Au-delà de la santé, elle a été appliquée dans les domaines de l’agriculture, de l’énergie, de l’éducation, de la gouvernance et d’autres.</p>
<p>En ce moment, l’attention du monde est tournée vers <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/2012/oct/24/un-panel-development-goals-ambitious-timetable" target="_blank">l’élaboration d’objectifs de développement post-2015</a> en remplacement des <a href="http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/" target="_blank">Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement</a> qui viendront à échéance en 2015. Ces objectifs ont un but similaire à celui des Grands Défis, soit centrer l’attention et les ressources pour résoudre des problèmes mondiaux complexes. Ils visent aussi un horizon similaire – 10 à 20 ans – pour la mise en œuvre des solutions. Il est donc particulièrement opportun de se demander si et comment l’approche des Grands Défis pourrait contribuer à l’atteinte des objectifs post-2015.</p>
<p>Nous entrevoyons deux rôles potentiels pour l’approche des Grands Défis. Le premier serait de considérer l’<b>atteinte des objectifs post-2015 comme étant équivalent à résoudre des Grands Défis. </b>Le second serait de <b>dynamiser la mise en œuvre des objectifs de développement post-2015 par l’approche des Grands Défis</b>. Les Grands Défis interviendraient pour stimuler l’innovation en vue d’atteindre ces objectifs, ou une partie de ceux-ci, comme la survie néonatale dans le cadre de l’effort global visant à améliorer la survie des enfants de moins de cinq ans.</p>
<p>A titre d’exemple, <a href="http://www.savinglivesatbirth.net/" target="_blank">l’initiative Sauver des vies à la naissance</a> regroupe à ce jour cinq bailleurs de fonds de quatre pays (l’USAID, Grands Défis Canada, la Fondation Bill &amp; Melinda Gates, l’agence du Développement international du Royaume-Uni et NORAD de la Norvège) et 39 innovateurs en vue de stimuler l’innovation sur la question des décès maternels et néonatals (qui représentent environ 40 % des décès chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans). De même, en 2012, l’initiative Promise for Children a réuni l’Inde, l’Éthiopie et l’USAID en collaboration avec l’UNICEF dans un effort visant à établir une cible de réduction du taux national de mortalité infantile à <a href="http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2013/01/16/283975/african-nations-renew-their-promise-to-reduce-child-mortality/?utm_source=January+18+Newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=December+14+Newsletter&amp;utm_medium=email" target="_blank">20 ou moins par 1000 naissances en 2035</a>, un objectif qui a depuis été adopté par 160 pays à travers le monde. Cet objectif pourrait être assimilé à la fois à la résolution de ce Grand Défi et à l’atteinte d’un objectif de développement post-2015.</p>
<p>Dans chacun de ces rôles, l’approche des Grands Défis peut être considérée comme un cadre d’action pour atteindre les objectifs de développement post-2015. Elle permettrait aux bailleurs de fonds et aux innovateurs d’adopter une approche souple et entrepreneuriale pour préciser « comment » un objectif de développement sera résolu, tout en demeurant clairement axé sur un but commun final. Appliquer l’approche des Grands Défis de cette manière comporterait au moins quatre grands avantages.</p>
<p>Tout d’abord, l’approche des Grands Défis stimule et accélère l’innovation en réunissant des communautés d’innovateurs, qui apprennent et collaborent au contact des uns et des autres. L’innovation est essentielle pour résoudre les défis complexes du développement mondial. Pour certains problèmes, il existe des solutions qui ont simplement besoin d’être déployées à l’échelle de façon durable, peut-être grâce à l’innovation sociale et/ou commerciale. Ainsi, certains des grands défis liés à l’éradication de la polio sont d’assurer une prestation sécuritaire des services, de stimuler la demande de vaccins et de recueillir des fonds suffisants. Dans beaucoup d’autres cas, cependant, les solutions et les approches n’ont pas prouvé leur efficacité et il importe donc de concevoir de nouvelles solutions. À titre d’exemple, en réunissant des chercheurs et des spécialistes de l’éthique, l’initiative des Grands Défis en santé mondiale de la Fondation Bill &amp; Melinda Gates a contribué à accélérer le progrès scientifique au point où <a href="http://www.sciencenews.org/view/feature/id/341843/description/Mosquitoes_Remade" target="_blank">des essais sur le terrain ont été menés sur des moustiques qui ne transmettent pas la dengue ou le paludisme</a>. L’innovation trace la voie vers l’impact. En mettant l’accent sur l’innovation, il est essentiel d’avoir une vision très large et inclusive qui englobe à l’innovation sociale, commerciale et scientifique/technologique, ce que nous appelons <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/innovationIntegree.pdf" target="_blank">l’Innovation intégrée</a><sup>MC</sup>.</p>
<p>Deuxièmement, comme <a href="http://www.princeton.edu/~slaughtr/Commentary/13%20Wired%20world%20in%202013%20(dragged).pdf" target="_blank">l’a fait valoir Anne-Marie Slaughter</a>, de l’Université Princeton, l’approche des Grands Défis fournit une plate-forme aux parties prenantes pour s’organiser et mobiliser des ressources (financières et humaines) en vue de parvenir à un but commun final. Selon nous, pour que la période post-2015 soit couronnée de succès, il faudra mobiliser un large éventail de secteurs, y compris les gouvernements, les organismes sans but lucratif, le secteur privé, les universités et d’autres. Un exemple du potentiel qu’offre cette approche pour rapprocher les secteurs est le défi <a href="file:///C:/Users/DB/AppData/Local/Microsoft/Windows/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.Outlook/Y74RMFD6/makingallvoicescount.org/">Making Voices Count</a>, récemment annoncé, qui a réuni l’agence d’aide du Royaume-Uni, l’USAID et le Réseau Omidyar en vue de la création d’un fonds de 45 millions de dollars pour appuyer et faciliter la participation des citoyens et améliorer la réceptivité des gouvernements. Il sera particulièrement important d’associer les économies émergentes et les acteurs du secteur privé à la réalisation d’objectifs de développement importants.</p>
<p>Troisièmement, l’approche des Grands Défis peut aider à <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Aligning-Investments-EN.pdf">mobiliser des ressources</a>. Notamment en cette période d’austérité budgétaire partout dans le monde, il est devenu évident que le secteur public n’a pas les ressources nécessaires pour résoudre à lui seul les problèmes de développement auxquels nous sommes confrontés. L’intérêt récent pour les <a href="http://socialfinance.ca/social-impact-bonds">obligations à impact social</a> – une expression reformulée dans l’univers du développement par <a href="http://www.cgdev.org/section/about/cgd_europe/development_impact_bonds">obligations à impact sur le développement</a> – est un exemple d’innovation financière prometteuse. Même si nous avons appris en 2009 qu’il faut approcher l’innovation financière avec prudence, on peut imaginer un monde où une obligation d’éradication (« E-bond ») serait émise pour la lutte contre la polio et permettrait de lever des capitaux privés auprès d’investisseurs socialement responsables pour financer le coûteux effort d’éradication, et où les gouvernements rembourseraient ces investisseurs progressivement en partageant les économies réalisées grâce à l’éradication de la maladie.</p>
<p>Quatrièmement, <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.org/about/Pages/GrandChallengesinGlobalHealth.aspx" target="_blank">l’articulation claire d’importants défis mondiaux</a> par l’approche des Grands Défis capte l’imagination du public et inspire l’action d’une façon que les objectifs de développement traditionnels n’ont pas réussi à faire. Mobiliser le soutien du public sera essentiel afin de maintenir la cadence au cours des deux décennies pour atteindre les objectifs post-2015. L’approche des Grands Défis peut aussi attirer de nouveaux talents dans le domaine du développement, un capital humain qui facilitera l’application d’idées nouvelles et avant-gardistes.</p>
<p>Près d’un milliard de dollars ont été investis dans de Grands Défis au cours de la dernière décennie. Il est logique de mettre à profit cet investissement en capital financier et humain pour dynamiser la réalisation des objectifs post-2015. Dans l’avenir, alors que le <a href="http://www.un.org/sg/management/hlppost2015.shtml">Groupe de haut niveau de personnalités éminentes</a>, créé en juillet dernier par le secrétaire général de l’Organisation des Nations Unies, poursuit son travail en vue de formuler des conseils et des recommandations sur les programmes de développement post-2015, nous recommandons fortement qu’il considère l’approche des Grands Défis comme l’une des – ou <i>la –</i> stratégie(s) clé(s) pour mettre en œuvre des solutions aux défis critiques et complexes du développement dans le monde.</p>
<p><em>Par: Peter A. Singer (<a href="https://twitter.com/peterasinger" target="_blank">@PeterASinger</a>) et David Brook (<a href="https://twitter.com/dbrook96" target="_blank">@dbrook96</a>)</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>How Can the World Solve its Biggest Challenges?</title>
		<link>http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/how-can-the-world-solve-its-biggest-challenges/</link>
		<comments>http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/how-can-the-world-solve-its-biggest-challenges/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 18 Jan 2013 18:16:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Peter A. Singer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Our CEO's Desk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.grandchallenges.ca/?p=8609</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Over the past decade, a number of the world’s leading thinkers have expressed concern about the inability of traditional governance mechanisms to deal with complex and rapidly changing global challenges... <a class="read-more" href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/2013/how-can-the-world-solve-its-biggest-challenges/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Over the past decade, a number of the world’s leading thinkers have expressed concern about the inability of traditional governance mechanisms to deal with complex and rapidly changing global challenges. Anne-Marie Slaughter, a professor of politics and international affairs at Princeton University and former Director of Policy Planning at the U.S. State Department, has coined the term “<a href="http://press.princeton.edu/titles/7712.html">network governance</a>” to describe the emerging complex web of communities and networks that exchange knowledge and coordinate activities across national borders to address these types of challenges. Building on this concept, in <a href="http://www.princeton.edu/~slaughtr/Commentary/13 Wired world in 2013 (dragged).pdf">a recent article in the UK edition of Wired</a> (link continued <a href="http://www.princeton.edu/~slaughtr/Commentary/13 Wired world in 2013 (dragged) 1.pdf">here</a>) Professor Slaughter argues that the big political idea of 2013 is “government as platform” –here governments provide the basic tools to enable citizen innovation and self-organization.</p>
<p>Others also embrace this network concept. <a href="http://www.policy-network.net/uploadedFiles/Publications/Publications/pp2.2 80-84_RISCHARD.pdf">Jean-Francois Rischard</a>, former Vice President of the World Bank, has argued that conventional governance methodologies and institutions are not up to the task of identifying and addressing complex social issues like global health, as they are too rigid and inflexible to enable the kinds of coordination and cooperation that are necessary to address such challenges. Instead, he argues instead for what he calls networked governance, which is based on two key principles: (1) that membership in any new problem-solving vehicle (what he calls &#8220;issues networks&#8221;) is based on knowledge and the ability to contribute to its solution, and (2) that these new vehicles are able to work quickly and are geared toward action.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/2012/dec/31/international-aid-book-extract-sumner-mallett?CMP=twt_gu">Andy Sumner and Richard Mallett</a> argue in a recent blog post in the Guardian (based on a forthcoming book) that we are entering a new epoch of global development, one with many fewer “poor” countries and one in which the overwhelming concentration of the world’s poor are in middle-income countries. They refer to this shift as a movement from Aid 1.0 that focused on the transfer of resources to Aid 2.0, with a focus on collective action such as the development of co-financed global public goods and knowledge sharing/transfer to address global challenges.</p>
<p>Taken together, these three concepts and others provide a new and converging framework through which to solve complex global challenges. While they are not mutually exclusive, Slaughter emphasizes the actors from different sectors needed to solve these challenges; Rischard emphasizes complex global challenges or problems; and Sumner and Mallet highlight the activities that need to be undertaken to address these challenges, which are catalytic, risk-focused, research-based and provide policy coherence.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/publications/">The Grand Challenges Approach</a>, developed and adopted by a growing number of organizations and institutions, including the <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.org/Pages/Default.aspx">Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation</a>, <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.ca/">Grand Challenges Canada</a>, <a href="http://www.usaid.gov/grandchallenges">USAID</a>, and others, is a concrete and compelling example of this framework in action. The grand challenges approach is about stimulating innovation – bold ideas with big impact. At its core, the Grand Challenges Approach offers a nimble, flexible and adaptive mechanism for global governance, one that enables a broad range of partners from different sectors (including <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zYdArDkNtW4">academe, governments, non-government organizations and the private sector</a>) with different interests, to identify common challenges and solve them by coordinating their individual contributions. <a href="http://www.grandchallenges.org/GCGHDocs/GC_Newsletter.pdf">Grand Challenge programs</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li>Define challenges whose solutions would unleash progress in key areas</li>
<li>Engage the world’s most innovative researchers</li>
<li>Focus research on making an impact for those most in need</li>
<li>Build collaboration among researchers and funders to accelerate impact</li>
<li>Build an expanding global network of programs and partners.</li>
</ul>
<p>The potential impact of this approach is seen in initiatives like <a href="http://www.allchildrenreading.org/">All Children Reading</a>, <a href="http://www.poweringag.org/">Powering Agriculture</a> and the <a href="http://www.savinglivesatbirth.net/">Saving Lives at Birth Initiative</a> whose five partners – the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, Grand Challenges Canada, USAID, DFID (UK aid) and the Government of Norway – recognized their common interest in addressing the critical global health issue of maternal and child survival around the time of birth. By making use of the Grand Challenges Approach, the partners have been able to develop and implement a coherent and integrated initiative to stimulate innovation and address a critical global health challenge in less than a year. Although still comparatively new, this initiative’s efforts are already showing results through innovations like:</p>
<ul>
<li>The <a title="Odon Device for Assisted Vaginal Delivery" href="http://savinglivesatbirth.net/summaries/38" target="_blank">Odón Device</a>, developed by Mr. Jorge Odón of Argentina and funded by the Saving Lives at Birth partnership, a potentially safer and easier alternative to forceps and vacuum extractors for assisted delivery, and a safer and less invasive alternative to Caesarean sections, especially in places with limited surgical capacity (click <a href="http://savinglivesatbirth.net/summaries/38" target="_blank">HERE</a> for a short video);</li>
<li><a title="Mobilizing Maternal Health in Rural Kenya with E-Vouchers and Information Technology" href="http://savinglivesatbirth.net/summaries/58" target="_blank">Changamka</a>, a micro health insurance provider in Kenya that administers a system of subsidized, pre-paid e- vouchers and transportation subsidies delivered via mobile phone, as well as informational interventions, including SMS messaging, participatory networks, and radio programming to enable pregnant woman to travel to appropriate health service providers around the time of birth (click <a href="http://savinglivesatbirth.net/summaries/58" target="_blank">HERE</a> for a short video); and</li>
<li><a title="From Opposers to Champions of Maternal and Neonatal Health" href="http://savinglivesatbirth.net/summaries/105" target="_blank">dRPC</a> in Northern Nigeria who have shown that engaging the most influential religious opinion leaders can result in these leaders developing understanding and support for life-saving interventions for women and their infants, such as vaccines (click <a href="http://savinglivesatbirth.net/summaries/105" target="_blank">HERE</a> for a short video).</li>
</ul>
<p>In a <a href="http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2010/06/28/peter-singer-the-task-of-saving-mothers-and-children-starts-today/">commentary to the National Post</a> in June 2010, we suggested that emerging economies like India, China, Brazil and South Africa are poised to play an increasingly significant role in development. They are less likely to have an interest in traditional aid approaches (with the exception of humanitarian emergencies) and more likely to embrace approaches based on innovation that offer solutions to pressing global challenges, both globally and within their own borders. Last year, for example, Brazil announced the creation of Grand Challenges Brazil and other emerging economy countries are looking to follow suit in the coming year.</p>
<p>One logical focal point for these development efforts is the G20. Imagine the impact if the G20 as a whole took an active role in stimulating its members to pursue a Grand Challenges Approach to collectively tackle global challenges.</p>
<p>How will we know when we have solved these grand challenges? That should be the question answered by the post-2015 development goals – something we will write about soon.</p>
<p>I would like to acknowledge and thank David Brook for his roll as a contributing author of this piece. I encourage you to post your questions and comments about this blog post on our Facebook page <a href="http://cts.vresp.com/c/?SandraRotmanCentre/49282be0d6/1dd51e1c41/16ab2e8e6f">Grand Challenges Canada</a> and on Twitter <a href="https://twitter.com/peterasinger" target="_blank">@PeterASinger</a> <a href="http://cts.vresp.com/c/?SandraRotmanCentre/49282be0d6/1dd51e1c41/bdddfbd54f">@gchallenges</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
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